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Vocabulary Landscape Vocabulary |
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acre: 43,560 sq
ft aggregate: granular substance, crushed stone, gravel agrarian: rural landscape, agriculture interest allee: lane, tree lined arbor: garden seat, flanked by trellised walls arbor: light trellis like frame covered with shade producing plants armillary sphere: sundial equator longitude, common garden feature on a pedestal asymmetry: achieves balance more by feel than by the equations of symmetry and is more casual and informal atrium: sky lit central area often with plants, open central court axis: central, straight line at which portrays portions of design (usually symmetrically related) balustrade: wide street with trees on sides baseline measuring: aligns the tape measure along a known line and locates other points or edges along the tape measure, good when there are several points that must be located along a straight edge or line base map: drawing that records all existing physical site elements base plan: sheet showing general plan, boundaries, existing conditions and elements base plane: surface upon which objects rest berm: low rolling artificial hill, used in 20th-21st century landscape design bollard: post used in landscape design to section off vehicle and pedestrian traffic borrowed landscape: all or part of an adjacent landscape, the features figure in the composition of the landscape or garden at hand bosco: Italian mass of trees or shrubs, a grove, one of three principle parts of an Italian villa garden bosquet: French cluster of trees, shrubs, smaller than a bosco, usually called a thicket or small grove building permit: regulations stipulating a type of construction including height and materials standards allowable in a specific project cairn: conical pile of stones used to commemorate a sacred site or place of burial change order: modification reflecting the change of price, materials, and work order (in writing) color: significantly impacts the garden contour line: a line connecting all points of equal elevation cooling colors: blue, green violet cordon: tree form shaped on free standing fence or trellis covenant: restrictions on real estate cut and fill: process of adding or removing soil deck: wooden platform at or near grade or raised - consider a raised patio out of block as it is low maintenance with many options please call 319.404.0457 for suggestions desire path: path taken where a hard surface is not provided, may be made by people finding the shortest route between two points direct measuring: measurement form the edge of one element to the edge of another dynamic: a garden is not static easement: a legal grant of right of use to an area of designated private property, usually by county providing public services like sewer, gas, electricity, telephone espalien: building attached existing grade: elevation of ground prior to grading facade: face of building finish grade: final grade of site which conforms to the approved plan focal point: visual accents that stand out in contrast frame: an element that sets off some part of the garden for special notice frost line (Iowa): 42" gargoyle: grotesque figurine of animal or human form gazebo: covered, often elevated open-aired pavilion with a view, normally found in parks and squares for political speeches and summer bands good neighbor fence: lone that is constructed to be equally attractive on both sides of fence greenbelt: belt of recreation parks, farmland, or uncultivated land surrounding a community greenway: highway along river, corridor of undeveloped land grotto: artificial structure to resemble cave or cabin, ex. in West Bend, Iowa ha ha: ditch, broad grassy landscape hardscape: non-living components of the design, especially walls, walks, overhead structures, stones, benches indigenous: vernacular landscape design or forms that are native and fitting to a place or people inorganic mulch: types- river rock, recycled tires, brick chips lake: formed by river/glacier, large body of fresh or salt water lanai: roofed patio or veranda landscape architecture: arrangement of land and buildings along with engineering and architecture, arrangement of animate and inanimate objects of the land and the people who use these objects landscape character: overall felling, or pattern, of the landscape landscape contractor: an individual who constructs or installs the hardscape and softscape working closely with the design produced by a landscape designer landscape designer: (defined by the Association of Professional Landscape Designers) an individual who has gained knowledge from the education received experience obtained to be a recognized landscape designer and receive monetary pay loggia: porch, open sided roofed arcade or gallery along front side of building
obelisk: Egyptian upright, plane-sided, tapering pillar, often ending in a pyramidal point organic mulch: derived from plant material overhead plane: creates ceiling in outdoor space paths: the skeleton of a garden, determines movement through a garden paver: concrete dimensional unit pergola: overhead wooden structure supported by posts with more or less even spacing and covered with vines perron: series of steps leading up through a terraced lawn or terrace to a building or other feature piazza: open space usually oblong and surrounded by other buildings, public squares, paved, Europe plunging: placement of a potted plant in the ground, pot and all prairie: large expanse of gently rolling or flat land covered with multiple grasses and forbs, but exhibiting very few trees process: actions taken by following steps to get a desired result pond: small body of still water pool: small pond, usually fresh water repetition: makes a scene restful and reduces chaos riser: step height, vertical rock: material freshly broken or quarried from the earth run: tread, horizontal
secondary colors: green, violet, orange setback: in zoning it is a requirement stating the allowable placement of building walls, fences, tree bases or other objects behind a property line or with an easement sight distance: in a road layout, measurement of roadway view to be expected at a given point slope: expanse of rising or falling land soft data: examples- smells, noise, temperature specimen plant: fine individual example of species often displayed for purpose of accent summer house/garden house: open shelter in your garden used for dining, viewing, or relaxing sundial: garden instrument, usually circular and marked off in hours, to tell time using the shadow of the gnomon textures: course, medium, fine transition: area of elements that serve as intermediate space(s) between one outdoor place/activity or another treillage: architect pierced screen or lattice work used as a backdrop in gardens trellis: structure of light, often overlapped or crossing laths, can be wood or metal tuteur: French 'to train,' three dimensional trellis variance: acceptable deviation in land or structural use from the legal norm vernacular: landscape design or form from a local or regional tradition vertical plane: creates a wall, vertical structure warm colors: colors that are vibrant white noise: urban areas, sound of falling or splashing water, wind chimes, or other pleasant sounds used to mask sound of traffic zoning: form of land use control, exercised by city or county
These terms were collected from college notes. |
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